越南取消黄金专营制度

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

越南取消黄金专营制度

2025-08-28 15:29:54 来源：自然资源部责任编辑：袁梦

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据Mining.com网站报道，亚洲第三大黄金进口国越南周二颁布一项法令，取消长达13年的黄金国家专营制度，虽然政府目的是实现黄金市场的长期正常化，但这一政策仍导致其国内黄金价格大幅上涨。

越南最大国有黄金和珠宝企业、该国金价基准价参照者——西贡珠宝公司(Saigon Jewelry Co.)销售的金价攀升至每两1.257亿越南盾，按25450越南盾兑1美元、1.2盎司/两计算，约为4096美元/盎司。

去年，越南金条、金饰和金币合计进口55吨。该国正在努力解决黄金市场扭曲问题。越南国家银行的全权控制导致了价格溢价，并导致黑市交易和走私猖獗。新法令允许商业银行和符合条件的企业生产、交易和管理金条，目的是实现自由化、促进竞争和加强监管。这有助于越南黄金市场符合国际惯例。

蒙特利尔银行资本市场(BMO Capital Markets)周三表示，“这将结束长期以来国家对该行业的垄断，国家垄断有时会导致国内黄金价格与国际金价脱节。这一变化最终将使得黄金进口量与国内需求匹配，所以我们认为这对全球黄金市场来说是件好事”。

透明度

此项法令还提高了交易透明度。每人每天超过2000万越南盾(约760美元)的任何购买或销售都必须通过银行账户进行。持有许可的实体必须开具电子发票并与央行共享交易数据。

虽然结束了垄断，但国家银行仍将通过配额来管理进口，这将取决于宏观经济状况、货币政策和市场波动。更具竞争力的市场预计将缩小品牌之间的价格差异，扩大消费者的选择，并通过创造更有序的市场来减少黄金走私。

政策变化来的很快。5月份，越南总理范明政呼吁进行改革，以减少扭曲并恢复宏观经济稳定。越南盾大幅贬值，促使作为避险资产的黄金需求激增。截至8月初，在文化需求和货币不稳定的推动下，越南黄金买交易价格已比当地溢价32%。

黄金作为财富储备已经深深烙印在越南文化之中，节日和婚礼期间对黄金的需求会增多。

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