我国稀散金属开发利用取得一系列重大突破

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

我国稀散金属开发利用取得一系列重大突破

2025-11-27 10:16:22 来源：新华社责任编辑：袁梦

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作为高新科技发展的关键原材料，我国镓锗铟等稀散金属开发利用取得一系列重大突破。

自然资源部11月26日发布创新成果显示，我国已经攻克煤铝铜铅锌矿中低品位稀散金属高效提取技术，煤中锗综合回收率由55%提高至80%以上，铅锌冶炼过程镓锗铟综合回收率平均提高10%左右，铜冶炼过程硒碲铼回收率分别由93%、65%、70%提高至97%、90%和80%。

稀散金属高纯产品制备关键技术及核心装备也取得重要突破。我国自主研制出温度梯度冷凝—晶向控制定向结晶器等5种核心装备，实现半导体分子束外延8N级高纯镓批量稳定生产;开发出第一颗国产平面型高纯锗探测器，填补国内空白;建成超高纯锗等高端原材生产线，实现初级产品向高端产品的跨越;打破国外对高端产品垄断和限制，支撑MBE高纯镓、LCD面板铟、锗单晶衬底、碲化镉薄膜等关键战略金属产品自给率提升至70%以上，在国防、新能源、5G通讯、半导体等领域起到关键支撑作用。

据介绍，镓锗铟等稀散金属对战略性新兴产业、未来产业和国防军工等行业具有不可替代的基础支撑作用，是抢占科技制高点的关键原材料，对提升相关产业链供应链韧性和安全水平至关重要。我国稀散金属主要伴生在煤铝铜铅锌钼等矿物中，但长期以来，采选冶流程长、回收率低及高纯产品质量不稳定、成品率低。这一系列重大突破，有助于结束我国高端原材料和高精尖产品受制于人局面。

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我国稀散金属开发利用取得一系列重大突破

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