美国DFC就Lobito铁路走廊5亿美元融资与安哥拉托克持续谈判

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

美国DFC就Lobito铁路走廊5亿美元融资与安哥拉托克持续谈判

2025-06-24 10:03:59 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：韩泽楷

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美国国际开发金融公司（DFC）投资主管康纳·科尔曼（Conor Coleman）今日在罗安达举行的美非商业峰会上确认，DFC正与安哥拉政府及大宗商品贸易巨头托克（Trafigura）就5.53亿美元融资方案展开积极谈判，以推进连接非洲铜矿带与大西洋港口的战略铁路项目——Lobito走廊。该项目旨在打通刚果（金）和赞比亚铜钴矿产的出口新通道，降低运输成本并减少对传统路线的依赖。

谈判核心进展与争议点

长期谈判未决： DFC于2023年首次宣布审查该融资计划，但截至2025年6月，协议条款仍未敲定。科尔曼强调延误“与特朗普政府对DFC的政策调整无关”，并称机构运作“一切如常”。
- 安哥拉方解释：经济协调国务部长若泽·马萨诺（José de Lima Massano）指出，合同条款中的担保要求是主要障碍，需平衡私营投资风险与公共利益。
资金用途与规模：
- 融资总额中，5.53亿美元将用于升级安哥拉境内约1,300公里的铁路线及洛比托港口设施，提升矿产运输效率。
- 项目由托克葡萄牙Mota-Engil及比利时Vecturis组成的财团运营，总投资额达4.5亿美元，涵盖铁路修缮车辆采购及安全升级。

地缘战略意义

挑战中国主导地位：美国将Lobito走廊视为抗衡中国在非矿产供应链的关键布局。科尔曼直言：“中国将在非洲开采的矿产全部运回国内加工，这不符合非洲国家利益。”美国则推动矿产本地化加工，以提升非洲资源附加值。
经济与安全双目标：项目预计将铜钴运输时间缩短至原路线的1/3（见图），降低物流成本30%以上，并激活此前因成本过高无法开采的矿藏。

延伸风险与配套行动

政治不确定性：特朗普政府虽支持非洲矿产开发，但其政策反复性可能影响后续资金落实，尤其涉及联邦拨款及USAID配套项目。
关联投资协同： DFC同步推进安哥拉稀土项目（向Pensana提供340万美元技术援助）及农业加工贷款（与Carrinho集团洽谈），强化区域产业多元性。

各方表态

DFC声明：“我们坚定致力于此项目，正不懈推动其落地”。托克财团：铁路运营权为期30年，已承诺创造1,600个岗位，并完成1,100吨铜矿试运输（科卢韦齐→洛比托港）。

背景链接：Lobito走廊是G7“全球基础设施与投资伙伴关系”（PGII）旗舰项目，美欧总投资意向达60亿美元。若建成，将成为非洲首条横贯大陆铁路，改写全球关键矿产贸易格局。

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美国DFC就Lobito铁路走廊5亿美元融资与安哥拉托克持续谈判

谈判核心进展与争议点

地缘战略意义

延伸风险与配套行动

各方表态

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