中哈携手破局固废难题：哈萨克斯坦垃圾焚烧发电项目的生态与经济双赢

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

中哈携手破局固废难题：哈萨克斯坦垃圾焚烧发电项目的生态与经济双赢

2025-11-04 17:40:49 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：王欣悦

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中企与哈萨克斯坦合作的垃圾焚烧发电项目以双厂布局为核心，其中阿斯塔纳项目日处理生活垃圾1500吨，年处理规模达55万吨，总投资944亿坚戈(约合1.8亿美元)，可贡献含临时岗位在内共约750个就业机会;奇姆肯特项目日处理能力1000吨，年处理36万吨垃圾，投资额539亿坚戈(约合1亿美元)，技术标准对标欧洲排放要求。据哈萨克斯坦生态部公告及北极星环保网披露数据，两项目合计年处理垃圾91万吨，占该国2024年清理垃圾总量的20.2%，构成当地固废处理的重要支撑。

该项目的落地离不开三重关键背景。从哈萨克斯坦自身需求来看，该国正推进“清洁哈萨克斯坦”全民行动，2024年虽清理垃圾450万吨，但固废回收率仅25.8%，政府计划2029年将回收率提升至40%，为此筹备了67个环保项目、总投资3450亿坚戈，而阿斯塔纳与奇姆肯特作为核心城市，垃圾填埋场饱和问题突出，焚烧发电成为解决刚需的重要路径。从双边合作机制层面，中哈早在2011年便签署《环境保护合作协定》，设立中哈环保合作委员会统筹合作事宜，此次项目正是该机制下的具象落地，与湖南军信环保此前在阿拉木图投资2.7亿美元建设的1600吨/日处理量电厂形成“三足鼎立”格局，标志着哈萨克斯坦垃圾发电领域实现零的突破。从参与企业的技术储备而言，牵头的陕西建工(陕建)在签约前已与深圳能源集团达成中亚固废处理技术协同共识，合作伙伴东方希望集团则具备工业固废处理经验，而同类中企如湖南军信环保，2024年处理垃圾320万吨、发电14.73亿千瓦时，且已在吉尔吉斯斯坦落地类似项目，为本次项目的技术适配提供了成熟参照。

中企在此次“走出去”过程中，构建了三重支撑体系保障项目推进。在政策协同方面，陕西建工签约前专门拜会中国驻哈使馆商务参赞，明确项目将纳入“中国—中亚命运共同体”建设框架，获得外交层面的有力支持;在标准对接上，项目采用自动化排放监控系统，严格执行欧洲环保标准，精准匹配哈萨克斯坦对技术合规性的高要求;在模式创新层面，项目借鉴湖南军信“垃圾焚烧+能源回收+数字化管理”的成熟模式，其中奇姆肯特项目已提前规划热能回收利用模块，实现环保效益与能源产出的双重价值叠加。

从多维视角来看，该项目的价值释放效应显著。在生态效益上，两厂投运后预计每年减少填埋垃圾91万吨，参考阿拉木图项目60MW装机容量的发电水平推算，年发电量可满足约20万户家庭的用电需求，有效降低当地对化石能源的依赖;在经济赋能层面，除直接创造750个就业岗位外，项目还将带动设备供应、运维服务等上下游产业链的输出，与哈萨克斯坦“可持续经济发展中心”的建设目标高度契合;从合作示范意义来讲，该项目作为中企在中亚地区最大规模的垃圾发电集群(合计投资约5.5亿美元)，将为后续规划的6亿美元“焚烧+数据中心”综合项目铺路，助力中国绿色技术标准在区域内的推广与落地。

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中哈携手破局固废难题：哈萨克斯坦垃圾焚烧发电项目的生态与经济双赢

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