秘鲁总统候选人拟废除闲置矿权，全球矿业巨头面临冲击

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

秘鲁总统候选人拟废除闲置矿权，全球矿业巨头面临冲击

2025-11-07 10:12:50 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：韩泽楷

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秘鲁一位保守派总统候选人正承诺推行一项重大政策变革，这正是采矿行业最为担忧的情况：废除闲置项目的核心勘探许可，并重新分配这些权益。

这项提议令在秘鲁运营的全球矿业公司深感棘手。这些企业正日益与非正规从业者争夺富含矿产的土地控制权。矿业公司称这些从业者为非法采矿者，而小型采矿者则指责企业数十年囤积土地却不进行开采。

“如果正规采矿行业不加以利用，闲置区域将收归国有，” 曾任利马市长的拉斐尔・洛佩斯・阿利亚加（Rafael Lopez Aliaga）表示。洛佩斯・阿利亚加是在秘鲁顶级的本土企业高管聚会——CADE年度商业论坛上发表上述言论的，这对采矿行业而言无疑难以接受，也意味着其他候选人可能会纷纷效仿。

“他们既不自己开采，也不允许他人开采，” 他表示，“这种事只有在秘鲁才会发生。”

矿产权益可能被废除的担忧，一直是行业内部私下讨论的最大顾虑，但鲜少公开提及。一旦落实，这一政策可能对秘鲁最大的产业，以及南方铜业公司（Southern Copper Corp）、五矿资源有限公司（MMG Ltd）和第一量子矿业公司（First Quantum Minerals）等大型企业产生巨大影响。企业表示，它们的部分矿产特许权已被非法采矿者侵占。

在超过30名候选人的分散阵营中，洛佩斯・阿利亚加目前处于领先地位。益普索（Ipsos）民调显示，他的支持率约为10%。秘鲁将于4月举行大选，恰逢黄金和铜价历史性飙升，促使数十万秘鲁人投身非正规小型采矿，这对现有行业构成了威胁。

近年来，小型采矿行业已成为一股独立的政治力量，曾推动多名部长下台，并在国会成功为非正规采矿者的一项争议性许可争取到延期。

秘鲁是全球第三大铜生产国，同时也是黄金、白银和锌的主要生产国。

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秘鲁总统候选人拟废除闲置矿权，全球矿业巨头面临冲击

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