肯联铝业CEO疾呼：欧盟应取消碳边境税避免铝行业陷入衰退

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

肯联铝业CEO疾呼：欧盟应取消碳边境税避免铝行业陷入衰退

2025-12-08 17:05:35 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：王欣悦

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12月5日，全球领先的铝制品生产商肯联铝业(Constellium)首席执行官Jean-Marc Germain公开表态，强烈呼吁欧盟取消即将实施的碳边境调整机制(CBAM，俗称“碳边境税”)。他警告称，这一政策将通过推高行业成本、让高污染海外供应商获利，使欧盟铝行业面临长期衰退风险。

“关于CBAM，首先要做的就是根除它，摆脱它。”Germain在声明中态度坚决，“问题的核心是欧洲的竞争力。我们正在故意搬起石头砸自己的脚。”作为全球航空、汽车及包装铝产品领域的头部供应商，肯联铝业的立场颇具行业代表性——其业务模式以采购欧洲本土铝原料、在当地工厂加工为主，虽当前欧洲产铝暂不受碳边境税约束，但政策预期已开始冲击产业链。

市场数据已印证这种冲击。受CBAM即将加征的预期，以及市场对冰岛、莫桑比克等关键铝冶炼厂供应稳定性的担忧，欧洲现货铝升水已攀升至10个月以来的高点。Germain解释，铝升水的上涨意味着全渠道铝产品成本增加，“无论铝原料来源如何，所有供应都变得更为昂贵”，这将直接导致肯联铝业在欧洲的工业客户面临显著的成本通胀压力。

Germain特别指出了CBAM政策存在的关键漏洞，而这一漏洞正成为海外供应商的“避税通道”。根据现行规则，海外企业可通过向欧盟出口铝废料规避碳税征收——因CBAM当前 methodology将重熔铝废料认定为“零排放”，无需承担碳成本;更有甚者，部分供应商可将低碳铝销往欧洲以符合环保要求，同时将高碳铝供应给其他碳政策宽松地区，形成“双重标准”的获利模式。

据了解，CBAM作为欧盟应对“碳泄漏”的核心政策工具，将于2026年进入正式征税阶段，2034年实现全额征收，铝行业是首批覆盖的高耗能行业之一。尽管欧盟于2025年10月通过CBAM简化条例，引入50吨/年的进口豁免门槛等减负措施，但在行业看来，核心矛盾仍未解决。数据显示，铝废料占全球铝市场份额近半，这一漏洞可能导致欧洲本土回收企业未来面临超过10%的成本劣势，单位成本差异或达200欧元/吨以上。

值得关注的是，2026年CBAM实施后，欧洲地区铝成本预计将增加20至50美元/吨。对于以欧洲为核心市场的肯联铝业而言，成本传导压力与政策漏洞的双重影响，使其成为政策反对者的代表。目前，欧盟委员会已计划在2025年底前提交CBAM全面审查报告，评估政策优化及范围扩展的可能性，但行业对政策调整的迫切性需求显然更为强烈。

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