几内亚与EGA重启铝土矿合作谈判纠纷化解与供应稳定成焦点

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

几内亚与EGA重启铝土矿合作谈判纠纷化解与供应稳定成焦点

2025-12-17 09:21:04 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：王欣悦

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几内亚正与阿联酋全球铝业(Emirates Global Aluminium，EGA)就铝土矿长期供应协议展开密集谈判，若达成共识，EGA将从几内亚国有宁巴矿业公司(Nimba)稳定采购铝土矿，这一进展有望化解双方持续一年多的矿业纠纷，并重塑全球高品位铝土矿供应链格局。

此次谈判的直接背景源于几内亚政府的矿业政策调整。今年7月，几内亚官方正式撤销了EGA子公司几内亚氧化铝公司(GAC)持有的矿业许可证，将其名下矿业资产全部移交至国有宁巴矿业公司。这一举措的导火索是双方围绕氧化铝精炼厂建设的长期争议——几内亚政府认为GAC未能履行在当地投资建设精炼厂的承诺，而EGA方面则称相关项目面临多重经济与技术挑战。事实上，自2024年10月起，GAC的铝土矿出口已被几内亚海关暂停，2025年5月几内亚政府大规模吊销129份采矿证时，GAC的矿权便已在列。

“讨论进展顺利，这是为了避免诉讼。”几内亚政府相关人士的表态直接点明了谈判的核心诉求。此前，EGA因资产被接管多次表示保留法律追责权利，市场分析指出，新供应协议的达成将为双方提供“体面的台阶”，既避免冗长的国际仲裁，也能让EGA重新获取关键原料。作为中东最大铝业公司及全球前十的电解铝生产商，EGA旗下阿联酋氧化铝精炼厂的设计初衷便是适配GAC供应的几内亚高品位铝土矿，其2024年电解铝产量达269万吨，对稳定原料供应的需求极为迫切。

数据显示，GAC在许可证被取消前，年铝土矿出口量高达1400万吨，2023年实际出口量更是达到1410万吨，是几内亚铝土矿出口的核心企业之一。而几内亚作为全球铝土矿供应链的“压舱石”，拥有全球28%的储量，2024年以74.4%的全球出口占比稳居第一大出口国地位，其铝土矿平均铝硅比高达6.0，远优于澳大利亚和印尼的同类资源，中国进口铝土矿中45%来自几内亚，且平均含铝量达47%。这种战略地位使得EGA在资产被接管后，虽积极寻求替代供应，但始终难以找到匹配品质的原料来源。

从几内亚方面来看，推动与EGA的合作也符合其产业发展规划。国有宁巴矿业公司已明确计划于本月恢复铝土矿开采，设定了2026年出口1000万吨、最终提升至1400万吨的阶梯式目标，这一规模恰好与此前GAC的出口水平相衔接。几内亚矿业收入占全国GDP的35%，铝土矿出口是核心经济支柱，通过国有平台与国际巨头合作，既能保障资源收益最大化，也能降低外资撤离对产业的冲击。

值得注意的是，EGA的股权背景与全球布局为谈判增添了更多可能性。该公司由阿布扎比Mubadala和迪拜投资公司共同控股，是全球最大的优质铝生产商之一，近期还与中国索通发展达成合资协议，在阿联酋建设预焙阳极项目。业内认为，EGA若能恢复几内亚铝土矿供应，将进一步巩固其中东铝产业枢纽地位，而几内亚则可借助EGA的全球渠道，稳定高品位铝土矿的出口份额。

目前，双方谈判的核心仍集中在供应价格、长期合同期限及宁巴矿业的产能保障能力上。市场人士预测，若协议达成，不仅将避免EGA发起的法律诉讼，还可能为几内亚吸引更多合规外资创造条件——此前几内亚政府的矿权调整曾引发外资担忧，而此次与EGA的协商解决，被视为其平衡资源控制权与外资吸引力的重要尝试。

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几内亚与EGA重启铝土矿合作谈判 纠纷化解与供应稳定成焦点

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