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伊朗推出30项矿业计划，打包270个勘探证，吸引20亿美元

2025-06-10 08:58:24 来源：地一眼责任编辑：潘利军

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在德黑兰一个挤满交易商和地质学家的会议厅里，伊朗矿业主管部门周日发布了30项面向私营部门的投资计划。行业分析人士认为，此举有望引入约20亿美元的新资本。

这一举措在德黑兰举行的伊朗矿业投资论坛上公布，标志着伊朗正雄心勃勃地转向以技术为主导的合作模式。当前，全球矿业巨头正因关键矿产需求上升而竞相实现运营现代化。伊朗矿业发展与革新组织（IMIDRO）子公司IMPASCO负责人图拉杰·扎雷（Touraj Zare）表示：“全球投资模式已经演变——从资源驱动转向资本驱动，如今又发展到技术引领。我们的目标是在每一步都赋能私营部门，建立战略联盟，共同打造更智能、更可持续的矿业未来。”扎雷阐述了一种新模式，让私营企业不仅作为出资方，更能成为涵盖数据收集、分析、勘探和运营等全流程的开发合作伙伴。

论坛展示了切实进展：过去五年，IMPASCO已牵头与国内公司合作开展了70多个联合勘探项目，通过航空地球物理勘探和地球化学调查覆盖了50万平方公里土地。超过60家本地企业以各种合资模式参与其中。开发未探明潜力矿业和矿产工业部副部长瓦吉奥拉·贾法里（Vajiollah Jafari）向与会者表示，伊朗已知的矿产资源尚未得到充分利用。该国已发现的80种矿产中，仅有40种得到了充分勘探和记录。贾法里直言不讳地说：“资源识别是我们的关键短板。我们必须清楚掌握自己拥有哪些资源，并直面这一挑战，才能实现年增长13%的目标。”为此，第七个国家发展计划现在强制要求私营部门更多地参与勘探和运营阶段。政府已发布新的数据包、运营许可证以及详细的五万分之一比例尺地质图，以激励投资。

计划内容此次推出的计划包括：将270个勘探许可证打包整合成30个投资方案——旨在简化私营企业的进入流程。一位政府顾问匿名表示：“这关乎盘活沉睡的资产。私营资本和现代技术对于使这些矿山具备商业可行性至关重要。”行业声音：机遇与风险分析人士欢迎这一举措，但也提醒结构性问题依然存在。德黑兰大学矿业经济学家萨拉·贾拉利（Sara Jalali）博士表示：“这里潜力明显，尤其是在铜、铁矿石和稀土方面。但国际制裁、融资限制以及落后的基础设施可能会削弱投资者的热情。”在全球背景下，伊朗的行动呼应了其他矿产资源丰富国家的趋势，例如哈萨克斯坦最近就加快了矿业领域的外国合作步伐，以满足绿色转型需求。国际矿业与金属理事会（ICMM）近期的一份简报指出：“全球参与者渴望在中国之外建立新的供应链，但在伊朗，政治风险仍然令人担忧。”全球市场背景论坛的时机具有战略意义。

数据显示，受能源转型推动的锂、铜和稀土需求激增影响，2024年全球矿业投资同比增长了8%。然而，受制裁和物流瓶颈制约，伊朗的矿产出口落后于地区邻国。相比之下，土耳其凭借积极的私营部门整合，其2024年矿业出口创下了65亿美元的历史新高。未来之路行业参与者表示，释放伊朗矿产潜力的关键在于在政府机构与私营主体之间建立信任，并应对地缘政治复杂性。扎雷强调：“当今市场要取得成功，需要组织敏捷性、战略协作和相互信任。”非政府组织呼吁透明度和环境保障措施。伊朗环境政策智库（EPTT）发言人表示：“我们欢迎私人投资，但这必须与严格的环境标准和社区参与相结合。”展望未来，官员承诺将修订监管框架并疏通出口渠道。ICMM的区域分析师在一份前瞻性报告中指出：“若能有效实施，这些改革可能使伊朗成为具有竞争力的地区矿业参与者。但随着全球参与者竞相确保关键矿产来源，机会窗口正在收窄。”

常见问题解答

伊朗新的矿业投资计划是什么？

政府推出了30个投资方案，打包整合了270个勘探许可证，旨在吸引私营部门的资本和专业技术。

伊朗重点关注哪些矿产？

主要目标包括铜、铁矿石、稀土元素以及其他全球供应链所需的关键矿产。

私营企业将扮演什么角色？

在新的战略联盟模式下，私营企业将作为全面合作伙伴，从勘探到开发全程参与。

伊朗与地区矿业同行相比如何？

在私营部门整合和矿产出口量方面，伊朗落后于土耳其和哈萨克斯坦等国，但正寻求缩小差距。

投资者的主要风险是什么？

制裁、融资障碍和基础设施限制仍是国内外投资者面临的主要挑战。

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[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_cate` WHERE `pid` = 15 AND ( `id` < 3871 AND `id` NOT IN (25,3243,3244) ) ORDER BY `sortid` ASC [ RunTime:0.001353s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_cate` WHERE `pid` = 16 AND ( `id` < 3871 AND `id` NOT IN (25,3243,3244) ) ORDER BY `sortid` ASC [ RunTime:0.001377s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_cate` WHERE `pid` = 17 AND ( `id` < 3871 AND `id` NOT IN (25,3243,3244) ) ORDER BY `sortid` ASC [ RunTime:0.001304s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_cate` WHERE `pid` = 3 AND ( `id` < 3871 AND `id` NOT IN (25,3243,3244) ) ORDER BY `sortid` ASC [ RunTime:0.001294s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_advert` WHERE `id` = 48 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000321s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_advert` WHERE `id` = 49 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000294s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_advert` WHERE `id` = 50 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000296s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_para` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000379s ]

伊朗推出30项矿业计划，打包270个勘探证，吸引20亿美元

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