基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极电解液隔膜隔膜电解液电芯

欧盟废金属出口激增：关税漩涡下的绿色转型挑战

2025-06-25 16:38:51 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：王欣悦

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特朗普对进口钢铁和铝征收50%关税的政策，引发欧洲废金属市场剧变。2025年前三月，欧盟对美废金属出口量同比近三倍增长，达6028公吨。这一增长源于“免关税废料”政策，刺激美国需求暴增，价格随之上涨。而早在2023年，就有1900万吨废铁流出欧盟，美国成为新的重要流向地。

废料回收是欧盟金属行业减碳关键，再生铝、钢分别可节省95%、80%的生产能源。但废金属大量外流，威胁本地再生产能，动摇欧盟“2050碳中和”目标。欧洲铝业协会警告，若不及时限制出口，欧盟将沦为全球废金属供应基地。

目前，欧洲铝业、钢铁协会均呼吁采取出口限制措施。但政策推进面临困境：特朗普设定的7月9日贸易协议谈判截止日期临近，欧盟难以确定能否达成协议；出口限制还可能引发WTO贸易争端。这场废料之争，本质是“绿色产能”的国际竞争，欧盟能否在7月政策窗口期破局，关乎其金属行业发展与绿色转型路径。

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