美国从尾矿和废弃矿山开采关键矿产

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

美国从尾矿和废弃矿山开采关键矿产

2025-07-29 10:25:08 来源：自然资源部责任编辑：袁梦

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据Mining.com网站报道，为减少对外依赖和加强国内生产，美国政府最近尝试从尾矿和废弃矿山中提取高价值的关键矿产，包括稀土、锂、钴和铀。

内务部长道格·伯古姆 (Doug Burgum)已经下令修改一系列制度，目的是简化联邦监管并加快项目审批，从煤炭再利用、尾矿和关闭铀矿中回收矿产。

这项命令包括更新指南以便这些回收项目能获得联邦基金支持，并要求加快拟议项目审查。伯古姆还下令美国地质调查局(USGS)绘制联邦土地上的矿产尾矿图并进行储备，筛选富含关键矿产的地点。

USGS和各州地质调查局的研究人员已经发现广泛的矿源，包括犹他州宾汉姆峡谷(Bingham Canyon)铜矿尾矿中的碲，以及长期废弃的俄克拉荷马州塔尔溪(Tar Creek)尾矿中的锌和锗。

阿巴拉契亚和伊利诺伊盆地煤层粘土中还发现了稀土元素。

“这一计划彰显我们对实现矿产独立的坚定承诺，并确保美国在为我们的未来提供动力的先进技术方面的优势地位”，伯古姆在一份新闻稿中称。他所在的内务部控制着大片联邦土地，其中一些是废弃矿山的所在地，该计划能够将环境损失转化为经济优势。

内政部主管土地和矿产管理的副部长亚当·苏斯(Adam Suess)补充说，加快尾矿中关键矿产回收有助于“充分挖掘美国矿产资源潜力，促进国家安全和经济增长”。

此举是落实特朗普重振美国采矿业战略的措施。美国在关键矿产开采和加工方面已经落后。3月份，特朗普援引《国防生产法案》加快几种关键矿产的国内加工。

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美国从尾矿和废弃矿山开采关键矿产

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