巴西成立专委会研究制定矿业政策

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

巴西成立专委会研究制定矿业政策

2025-09-29 11:03:59 来源：自然资源部责任编辑：袁梦

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据BNAmericas网站报道，为应对国内外矿业形势的最新变化，巴西联邦政府计划成立一个多方参与的委员会来制定国家矿业政策。

能矿部官员将担任该委员会主任，来自16个其他部委、民间团体和大学的代表将参与。

“现在，我们也想把时间放在国家矿产政策上”，能矿部长亚历山大·西尔维拉(Alexandre Silveira)表示。

西尔维拉称，近年来，该部的工作重点多放在电力、石油、天然气和生物燃料方面，对采矿重视不够。

工作重点转向源于以下几点：

国内担忧

巴西当局最近粉碎了米纳斯吉拉斯州的一项涉及采矿许可证的重大犯罪计划，甚至牵扯到巴西矿业管理局(ANM)的一名高官。

正在调查的计划包括铁矿石许可审批的违规行为，涉及当地私营企业和公职人员。

“该事件对投资者和企业的信心产生了负面影响，他们对许可程序的可靠性信心下降。此外，从现在开始，政府可能需要更长的时间来批准项目许可证以展现其谨慎的态度，这甚至可能影响合法的项目。信心恢复需要一些时间”，矿业咨询公司费奥托(Fioito)首席执行官瓦尔迪尔·法里亚斯(Valdir Farias)认为。

调查还导致米纳斯吉拉斯州环境监管机构的一名工作人员被解雇，州政府承诺加强对许可程序的监督。

国际方面

除了国内问题以外，该委员会的成立还因为巴西关键矿产潜力在风云变化的地缘政治环境中变得更为重要。

美国总统特朗普最近宣布计划会见巴西总统卢拉，讨论双边关系。由于美国决定对巴西商品征收50%的关税，导致双边关系一直紧张。

预计近期举行的会议是两国领导人之间的第一次会议，巴西认为这是缓解双方贸易紧张局势的机会。巴西希望讨论的重要议题之一是关键矿产，尤其是稀土能够吸引美国投资。

当被问及与特朗普会晤的议程时，卢拉告诉记者：“我们正在与全世界讨论稀土和关键矿产，希望有兴趣的企业来巴西进行勘探，不希望仅仅是一个原矿出口国。巴西将对其财富负责”。

“我正在密切关注关键矿产和稀土，这样就不会有人误导我。巴西不想孤立于世界之外。如果我们与企业达成协议，他们将成为世界各地受欢迎的合作伙伴”。

巴西地调局(SGB)认为，尽管面临技术和物流困难，但该国具备成为世界最大稀土生产国的潜力。

巴西拥有世界第二大稀土储量，大约为2100万吨，占全球稀土储量的23%。

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巴西成立专委会研究制定矿业政策

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