基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极电解液隔膜隔膜电解液电芯

西部陆海新通道再添力！首趟越新氧化铝专列构建双循环物流新动脉

2025-10-17 13:29:54 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：王欣悦

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首趟满载3000吨越南氧化铝的铁海联运专列从广西防城港车站开出，标志着西部陆海新通道实现关键延伸，通过“越南同奈港海运→广西北部湾港转铁路→新疆石河子”的运输模式，构建起东南亚资源直达西北产业基地的全新链路。相较于新疆此前依赖的公路运输，这一新通道实现了多重突破：在成本方面，公路运输成本约300元/吨，铁海联运可节约50元/吨，按年化24万吨常态化规模测算，年节约物流成本超1.2亿元;效率上，依托铁路全天候优势，避免了公路运输受冰雪、路况的干扰，参考同类线路时效，全程较传统路径缩短5-7天;运力方面，单趟3000吨的运量是公路单车运力的60倍，未来班列化开行后可满足新疆1240万吨/年氧化铝需求的2%。

这一通道的贯通，本质是资源禀赋与产业布局的跨区域耦合。作为全球第二大铝土矿储备国(58亿吨)，越南氧化铝产能达130万吨/年，且因无电解铝产业而全部用于出口，其FOB价低至395美元/吨(约合2820元/吨)，较国内现货价低约1180元/吨，具备显著供给优势;而新疆电解铝产能超750万吨(占全国17%)，却无氧化铝产能，年消耗量达1240万吨，此前依赖山东、山西调运，运输成本占原料成本的7.5%，存在强烈需求刚需;作为枢纽的广西防城港，通过“提前对接客户企业了解发运计划+空车调配+强化运转、装卸和调车作业间协作”的机制，实现货物“快进快出、快装快卸、及时发运”，2024年已通过类似模式向新疆发运氧化铝37.65万吨，充分发挥了枢纽价值。

从战略层面看，这趟专列的示范意义远超单一货物运输。在双循环实践中，它既利用越南资源弥补国内氧化铝产能缺口(2022年越南对华氧化铝出口仅占中国进口量的5.2%)，又通过西部陆海新通道激活西北产业活力，契合“国内国际两个市场”联动需求;同时，继电子设备、汽车零部件之后，大宗商品通过该通道实现常态化运输，标志着西部陆海新通道已形成“3条主线+3种形态”的物流网络，覆盖120个国家和地区，通道综合能力得到进一步验证。展望未来，随着平陆运河建成(预计年节约运输费52亿元)，叠加每月2万吨的常态化发运规模，越南氧化铝对华出口占比有望提升至10%以上，将进一步稳定新疆“煤电铝一体化”产业链，为区域协调发展和产业链供应链稳定提供更强支撑。

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