铝资源分布与开发现状

基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

基础金属

铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁

稀有金属

稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼 稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆 贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒

新能源

锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰 锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

铝资源分布与开发现状

2025-01-14 09:55:24 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：管理员

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铝矿储量主要分布在非洲、南美、亚洲地区。根据美国地质勘探局数据，2023年世界铝土矿总储量达到了300亿吨，较2022年储量下滑3%，世界铝土矿储量相对充沛。澳大利亚、巴西、越南和几内亚为世界主要铝土矿储量国，其中几内亚铝矿储量约为74亿吨，占世界总储量的25%左右。2023年，越南铝矿储量为58亿吨，占世界储量的19%，是亚洲铝矿储备最丰富的国家，中国储量仅为7.1亿吨，占比为2%，自有资源储备不足的现状较为严峻。

2023年铝土矿储量主要分布地区

全球铝矿主要为铝土矿和氧化铝，生产地区相对集中。截至2023年末，全球铝土矿产量约为4亿吨。其中持有产量较大的国家分别为澳大利亚（9800万吨，25%）、中国（9300万吨，23%）、几内亚（9700万吨，24%）等，目前三国铝土矿产量已超过世界总产量的70%。2023年世界氧化铝产量约为1.4亿吨，中国在全球范围内的持股氧化铝总产量约为8200万吨，占比为59%，是世界氧化铝生产最大国之一。澳大利亚、中国和巴西的氧化铝产量占世界2023年总产量的80%左右。

截至2023年末，全球铝土矿产量为40000万公吨，较2022年几乎没有变化，近五年来GAGR约为1.6%，产量增速逐步放缓，增量主要集中在几内亚等铝矿资源丰富的国家和地区。

全球铝矿分布与生产相对集中，以部分头部铝矿生产公司生产数据为例。美国阿尔科铝业公司（Alcoa Corporation）、力拓集团（Rio Tinto）、中国铝业集团（Chalco）等均为世界头部大型铝矿开采公司。2022年全球前五大铝矿生产公司氧化铝和铝土矿产量共计18967.03万吨，约占当年全球铝矿总产量的47%。全球铝矿储备和产量较大的矿山分别为澳大利亚Weipo矿山（由Rio Tinto运营）、澳几内亚Sangarédi矿山（由Alcoa Corporation和Rio Tinto共同运营）、澳大利亚Pinjarra和巴西SantaBárbara（均由Alcoa Corporation运营）、委内瑞拉铝矿（由UC Rusal运营）等，其中多数重点矿山均为头部公司持股并进行运营开采活动。

全球头部铝矿生产公司产量变化（万吨）

重点矿山生产低迷，几内亚铝矿生产优势突显。2023年全球重点铝矿山产量大多呈现下滑趋势。其中头部矿山Huntly产量约为3090万吨，较2022年下滑1.6%。全球铝土矿主要分布在澳大利亚、几内亚等国家。2023年全球铝土矿产量增速总体下降，但近20年来几内亚地区铝土矿产量增幅较大，澳大利亚和中国铝土矿产量也缓慢提升。2023年，全球头部矿山仍相对集中，澳大利亚Huntly、Weipa、Gove；几内亚Boke、Sangaredi和巴西Paragominas等矿山产量依旧领先。

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铝资源分布与开发现状

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