基础金属	铜电解铜铜精矿铜管铜棒废铜铜排铜合金精铜杆再生铜杆铜板带铝铝土矿氧化铝电解铝铝辅料铝棒铝合金锭废铝铝杆铝型材铝板卷铅铅精矿铅锭铅蓄电池再生精铅还原铅废铅蓄电池铅合金锌锌精矿电解锌锌合金氧化锌锌粉锡锡精矿锡锭锡材镁
稀有金属	稀土稀土矿稀土氧化物稀土金属钕铁硼稀散金属锑铋铟锗镓硒钽锆贵金属白银钨钨精矿 APT(仲钨酸铵)钨粉碳化钨钨酸钠钨条钨铁钨材钼钼精矿工业氧化钼钼铁钼化工高纯三氧化钼钼金属钛钛精矿钛渣四氯化钛海绵钛钛金属钛白粉硒
新能源	锂锂矿锂化合物金属锂镍镍矿镍铁精炼镍镍盐高冰镍 MHP 钴电解钴钴粉氯化钴四氧化三钴硫酸钴钴中间品氧化钴碳酸钴钴酸锂锰锰矿电解锰电池级硫酸锰锂电正负极三元前驱体磷酸铁正极材料石油焦针状焦包覆沥青人造石墨硅碳负极硅氧负极硅

铝产品知识系列报告：产品定义与范围

2025-01-14 09:56:27 来源：北方有色网责任编辑：管理员

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铝金属的分类多样，依据其合金元素的不同，具有各自独特的性能和用途。铝合金按照其铝元素含量及成分组成不同可分为1系-9系九大系列铝合金，其中，8系及9系铝合金中因铝元素不作为主要成分而属于其它系列，1系-7系为主要铝合金系列。

主要铝合金牌号

以下是常见的几种铝金属分类：

（1）纯铝。纯铝是指铝含量在99.9%以上的铝产品，具有优良的导电性、导热性和可塑性。由于这些特性，纯铝常用于电气工程、热交换器和化学设备等领域。根据纯度差异，纯铝还可以细分：我国是将铝含量大于99.995%的精铝称为高纯铝。在2008年公布的《中华人民共和国有色金属行业标准》中，我国对高纯铝定义为两类，即5N Al（Al≥99.999%）和5N 5Al（Al≥99.9995%），但在2018年发布的新的标准中新添加了6N（Al≥99.9999%）牌号。纯度越高，提纯难度越大。

高纯铝化学成分

资料来源：《区域熔炼法制各5N高纯铅的研究》，段梦平。

我国高纯铝产量低，2019年仅有约12.8万吨，且产能集中在新疆众和、中铝包头和正润集团等少数几家企业，多采用三层液电解精炼法生产，只有新疆众和采用偏析法。

（2）工业纯铝。工业纯铝的铝含量在99.0%以上，其余为少量的杂质元素如铁（Fe）、硅（Si）等。虽然纯度略低于纯铝，但其性能依然优异，主要用于工业用途。

工业纯铝一般是通过冷、热压力加工制成各种规格的线、管、板、棒以及型材、箔材等工程用铝材，因为它既具有较好的强度，又便于加工，所以主要用于代替贵重的工业纯铜制造电力电缆、电气元件及换热器件，制作要求质轻、导热导电性好、耐大气腐蚀而强度不高的机电器材。

（3）铝镁合金。以镁为主要合金元素的铝合金，具有密度小、强度高、抗震力强、散热性好、抗电磁干扰性好、绿色环保等优点，因其强度、塑性和耐蚀性优良，广泛应用于电子电气、航空航天、交通运输（汽车）和建筑领域。铝镁合金的耐腐蚀性能特别适用于海洋环境和化工设备。

近年来，新能源汽车轻量化需求对铝镁合金带动不小。铝镁合金具有减重效果好、安全性能好等突出优点，成为汽车轻量化目标的主要应用材料。目前铸造铝镁合金约占汽车用铝量的77%，可用于制造发动机零部件、壳体类零件和底盘上的其他零件。

（4）铝铜合金。以铜为主要合金元素，较之纯铝，在机械强度、耐蚀性、热处理性能上都得到提升，具有高强度、硬度和耐热性，因此常用于航空航天、高强度机械部件和电气接触材料，例如：飞机结构（如蒙皮等）、航天飞船、发动机、活塞、汽车机体，船舶船体以及受力构件等。这类合金的高导电性和耐热性使其在电气和电子工业中占据重要地位。

（5）铝硅合金。以硅为主要合金元素，具有良好的流动性、耐热性和耐蚀性，广泛应用于铸造工业。随着硅含量的增加，铝硅系列合金的磨损量、腐蚀量、线膨胀系数、密度和电导率都呈线性下降。

铝硅合金常用于制造汽车发动机零部件和其他需要高温耐磨的机械零件，具体包括：汽车的气缸盖、变速箱和活塞等零件，以及仪器外壳和增压泵体等零件；横梁、燃气轮机叶片、泵体、吊架、轮毂、进气唇缘和发动机壳体。

（6）铝锌合金。以锌为主要合金元素，因其强度、塑性和耐蚀性出色，广泛用于建筑、机械和电气工业。这类合金的高强度和良好成形性能，使其成为制造高强度结构件的重要材料，例如：汽车车身结构件、航空航天用高强度结构件。

（7）铝锂合金。铝锂合金以锂为主要合金元素，具有高强度、优良的塑性和耐蚀性。由于其轻质和高强度特性，铝锂合金在航空航天和军事工业中具有重要应用，是制造轻质高强度结构件的理想材料，例如：用于制造飞机蒙皮和结构件、赛车车身材料。

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[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_advert` WHERE `id` = 49 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000399s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_advert` WHERE `id` = 50 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000405s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tb_para` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000549s ]

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